What it is:
SLD refers to difficulties in learning and using academic skills, particularly in reading (dyslexia), writing (dysgraphia), or math (dyscalculia), despite normal intelligence and adequate instruction.
Scope:
Affects classroom performance, confidence, and peer interaction.
Support Provided:
Individualized Education Plans (IEPs), remedial academic sessions, reading/writing/maths intervention, accommodations in learning materials.
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What it is:
A neurodevelopmental condition marked by differences in social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors.
Scope:
Can vary widely (from mild to significant), often affects social skills, sensory responses, and communication.
Support Provided:
Speech therapy, occupational therapy, behavior management, sensory integration, structured classroom support, and social skills groups.
What it is:
A disorder of attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interferes with functioning in school and daily life.
Scope:
May affect focus, time management, emotional regulation, and academic performance.
Support Provided:
Behavioral therapy, classroom accommodations, time and task structuring, one-on-one support, parent coaching.
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What it is:
Includes expressive and receptive language delays, speech sound disorders, fluency issues (e.g., stuttering), and social communication challenges.
Scope:
Affects interaction, classroom participation, and self-expression.
Support Provided:
Speech and language therapy, alternative communication strategies, phonics support, expressive language development.
What it is:
Characterized by below-average intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior deficits in conceptual, social, and practical domains.
Scope:
Affects learning pace, daily living skills, and independent functioning.
Support Provided:
Individualized education plans, life-skills training, functional academics, therapy-based support, and assistive tools.
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What it is:
Includes mood dysregulation, anxiety, oppositional behavior, low frustration tolerance, and trauma-related issues.
Scope:
Affects emotional development, peer relationships, and classroom behavior.
Support Provided:
Counseling, behavior intervention plans (BIPs), emotional regulation sessions, mindfulness, and peer integration strategies.
What it is:
A group of disorders affecting movement, muscle tone, and posture, often due to early brain injury.
Scope:
Can range from mild motor delays to significant physical impairment; may coexist with sensory or learning difficulties.
Support Provided:
Occupational therapy, physiotherapy, adaptive physical education, assistive devices, classroom accommodations.
